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intan ayu dewanti (24213429)

Ernita Dirgahyu Ambarita (22213954)

MAKE DIRECT & INDIRECT SPEECH AND CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

Name : Ernita Dirgahayu A

NPM  : 22213954

Class  : 3EB10

I.                       Direct and indirect speech

Direct Speech / Quoted Speech

Saying exactly what someone has said is called direct speech (sometimes called quoted speech) Here what a person says appears within quotation marks ("...") and should be word for word.

Indirect Speech / Reported Speech

Indirect speech (sometimes called reported speech), doesn't use quotation marks to enclose what the person said and it doesn't have to be word for word.

When reporting speech the tense usually changes. This is because when we use reported speech, we are usually talking about a time in the past (because obviously the person who spoke originally spoke in the past). The verbs therefore usually have to be in the past too.

Example:

Statement:

1.      Direct      : Didit said, “I will be a doctor next year”

Indirect    : Didit said, that he would be a doctor the following year.

2.      Direct      : She said “I am sleepy”

Indirect    : She said, that she was sleepy.

3.      Direct      : Intan said, “I will bring you a rice box from KFC

Indirect    : Intan said that she would bring me a rice box from KFC.

4.      Direct      : Andi told me, You study English hard”

Indirect    : Andi told me that I study English hard.

5.      Direct      : They said, “you must go to our party tonight”

Indirect    : They said that I would have to go to their party that night.

Command:

1.      Direct      : She said, “Be patient Rudy”

Indirect    : She said to Rudy to be patient.

2.      Direct      : He asked her, “Study your English book”

Indirect    : He asked her to study her English book.

3.      Direct      : Jill ordered me, “Close the door!”

Indirect    : Jill ordered me to closed the door.

4.      Direct      : My mother told me, “ Bring your mobile phone”

Indirect    : My mother told me to bring my mobile phone.

5.      Direct      : The teacher said to us, “Don’t be crowded here”

Indirect    : The teacher to us not to be crowded there.

Question

1.      Direct      : Ina asked, “Do you go to Malang?”

Indirect    : Ina asked if I went to Malang.

2.      Direct      : Edy asked, “Do you come to my house today?

Indirect    : Edy asked whether I came to his house that day?

3.      Direct      : My father asked, “ what’s your name?”

Indirect    : My father asked what my name is.

4.      Direct      : My mother asked me, Where does she go?”

Indirect    : My mother asked me where she went?

5.      Direct      : Dodo asked me, “Will you marry me?”

Indirect    : Dodo asked me if I married him.

II.                   Conditional Sentences

Conditional sentences are sentences expressing factual implications, or hypothetical situations and their consequences. They are so called because the validity of the main clause of the sentence is conditional on the existence of certain circumstances, which may be expressed in a dependent clause or may be understood from the context.

A full conditional sentence (one which expresses the condition as well as its consequences) therefore contains two clauses: the dependent clause expressing the condition, called the protasis; and the main clause expressing the consequence, called the apodosis.

Conditional Sentences type 1

Type 1 sentences are used when it is likely that the condition will be fulfilled. It is formed like this:
            "if" + [Simple Present], "will" + [Verb]

Example:

1.      If you swallow some of the cleaning fluid, it will kill you.

2.      If I get a little humility, I will be perfect.

Conditional Sentences type 2

Type 2 sentences are used when it is unlikely that the condition will be fulfilled. It is formed like this:

            “if” +[Simple Past], “would” + [Verb]

Example:

1.      If I was you,  I would be his girl friend

2.      If I had much money, I would go to Paris

Conditional Sentences type 3

Type 3 sentences are used when it is impossible for condition to be fulfilled because the possibility has already passed. It is formed like this:

            “if” + [Past Perfect], “would have” + [Past Participle]

1.      If my father had come to Bali, I would have given some money

2.      If you have not stopped studying, I would have married you