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intan ayu dewanti (24213429)

Ernita Dirgahyu Ambarita (22213954)

MAKE DIRECT & INDIRECT SPEECH AND CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

Name : Ernita Dirgahayu A

NPM  : 22213954

Class  : 3EB10

I.                       Direct and indirect speech

Direct Speech / Quoted Speech

Saying exactly what someone has said is called direct speech (sometimes called quoted speech) Here what a person says appears within quotation marks ("...") and should be word for word.

Indirect Speech / Reported Speech

Indirect speech (sometimes called reported speech), doesn't use quotation marks to enclose what the person said and it doesn't have to be word for word.

When reporting speech the tense usually changes. This is because when we use reported speech, we are usually talking about a time in the past (because obviously the person who spoke originally spoke in the past). The verbs therefore usually have to be in the past too.

Example:

Statement:

1.      Direct      : Didit said, “I will be a doctor next year”

Indirect    : Didit said, that he would be a doctor the following year.

2.      Direct      : She said “I am sleepy”

Indirect    : She said, that she was sleepy.

3.      Direct      : Intan said, “I will bring you a rice box from KFC

Indirect    : Intan said that she would bring me a rice box from KFC.

4.      Direct      : Andi told me, You study English hard”

Indirect    : Andi told me that I study English hard.

5.      Direct      : They said, “you must go to our party tonight”

Indirect    : They said that I would have to go to their party that night.

Command:

1.      Direct      : She said, “Be patient Rudy”

Indirect    : She said to Rudy to be patient.

2.      Direct      : He asked her, “Study your English book”

Indirect    : He asked her to study her English book.

3.      Direct      : Jill ordered me, “Close the door!”

Indirect    : Jill ordered me to closed the door.

4.      Direct      : My mother told me, “ Bring your mobile phone”

Indirect    : My mother told me to bring my mobile phone.

5.      Direct      : The teacher said to us, “Don’t be crowded here”

Indirect    : The teacher to us not to be crowded there.

Question

1.      Direct      : Ina asked, “Do you go to Malang?”

Indirect    : Ina asked if I went to Malang.

2.      Direct      : Edy asked, “Do you come to my house today?

Indirect    : Edy asked whether I came to his house that day?

3.      Direct      : My father asked, “ what’s your name?”

Indirect    : My father asked what my name is.

4.      Direct      : My mother asked me, Where does she go?”

Indirect    : My mother asked me where she went?

5.      Direct      : Dodo asked me, “Will you marry me?”

Indirect    : Dodo asked me if I married him.

II.                   Conditional Sentences

Conditional sentences are sentences expressing factual implications, or hypothetical situations and their consequences. They are so called because the validity of the main clause of the sentence is conditional on the existence of certain circumstances, which may be expressed in a dependent clause or may be understood from the context.

A full conditional sentence (one which expresses the condition as well as its consequences) therefore contains two clauses: the dependent clause expressing the condition, called the protasis; and the main clause expressing the consequence, called the apodosis.

Conditional Sentences type 1

Type 1 sentences are used when it is likely that the condition will be fulfilled. It is formed like this:
            "if" + [Simple Present], "will" + [Verb]

Example:

1.      If you swallow some of the cleaning fluid, it will kill you.

2.      If I get a little humility, I will be perfect.

Conditional Sentences type 2

Type 2 sentences are used when it is unlikely that the condition will be fulfilled. It is formed like this:

            “if” +[Simple Past], “would” + [Verb]

Example:

1.      If I was you,  I would be his girl friend

2.      If I had much money, I would go to Paris

Conditional Sentences type 3

Type 3 sentences are used when it is impossible for condition to be fulfilled because the possibility has already passed. It is formed like this:

            “if” + [Past Perfect], “would have” + [Past Participle]

1.      If my father had come to Bali, I would have given some money

2.      If you have not stopped studying, I would have married you

Interview the Foreigner

Member of group are:

·         Ernita Dirgahayu A (22213954)

·         Nurul Pratiwi (26213735)

Class : 3EB10

The foreigner name is Tom Van Derwood

He come from Netherlands 

PASSIVE VOICE

Present Tense :

1.      Active  : She kills two birds

Passive : Two birds are killed by her

2.      Active  : I write a letter

Passive : A letter is written by me

3.      Active  : He drinks a glass of tea

Passive : a glass of tea is drunk by him

Past Tense :

1.      Active  : They sent a file

Passive : A file was sent by them

2.      Active  : She brought a good news

Passive : A good news was brought by her

3.      Active  : I played a doll

Passive : A doll was played by me

Future Tense :

1.      Active  : She will study English tonight

Passive : English will be studied by her tonight

2.      Active  : We will build a new house in Surabaya

Passive : A new house will be built by us in Surabaya

3.      Active  : I will wash the dishes

Passive : The dishes will be washed by me

Present Continuous Tense

1.      Active  : She is watching the television

Passive : The television is being watched by her

2.      Active  : I am listening to the music

Passive : The music is being listened by me

3.      Active  : They are playing two dolls

Passive : Two dolls are being played by them

Present Perfect Tense

1.      Active  : We have bought a megazine

Passive : A magazine has been bought by  us

2.      Active  : She has eaten three mangos

Passive : Three mangos have been eaten by her

3.      Active  : Someone has canceled the meeting

Passive : The meeting has been canceled by someone

My Vacation in Bali

Two years ago was the most memorable holiday in my life. 25th July, 2014 my grandmother and I went on vacation to spend our time. We went to the place that is famous even in other countries named Bali Island which also known as the island of the gods. We went to Bali Island by airplane from Jakarta. I so excited because that is my first time I went to Bali. We really enjoyed our trip.

After second hour we spent our time in the airplane, finally we arrived in Bali Island. I visited some interesting places that I could only see in the television before. We visited Bali Island for 4 days and stayed in a hotel that is cheap for us in Kuta.

            Our first day on Bali Island, we visited a place named Tanah lot. Tanah lot is a beautiful place. We could see a temple for local people pray to the god which is located in the Middle of sea. That day the weather was very bright. We really enjoyed the beautiful scenery and took a lot of picture there. We were also impressed by the beauty of waves which crushed the temple cliffs from the distance.

            The second day we were in Bali Island, we visited jogger. Jogger is a place for shopping that offers unique items such as local handicrafts, t-shirts, shoes and many more. All the stuff there was pretty expensive but it was suitable with its quality. We walked around the shop to see what we could buy. Because we were confused to decide what we were going to buy, nobody noticed that we had spent 4 hours there. Finally, I just bought a pair of shoes and a unique Balinese t-shirt while my grandmother buy a lot of stuff as presents for her friends. After went for shopping, we continued our trip to Bukit Peninsula, south Denpasar to see GWK. Garuda Wisnu Kencana (GWK) monument is the largest Southeast Asia which ever built by human. GWK is a statue of Vishnu that depicts the God protector of the people of Balinese. I was so amazed to see the sights there. That was very beautiful place, so that made we wanted to taken many pictures and stay longer there.

            Our third day in Bali Island, we went to a beach known for its beauty and the waves that are great. It was Kuta beach. Kuta beach is a great place for surfing and seeing the sunset. There we found a lot of tourists from various countries coming. I tried to make a conversation with one of them to test my English skills. He was George and his wife Barbara. They were from Perth that was having honeymoon there. They were very fond of having vacation in Bali Island. They said that Bali Island is one of the most beautiful places in the world. Hearing their opinion about Bali Island, I became a very proud and grateful to be able to visit a beautiful place in the world without having to go abroad. Unfortunately, that time the wind was very strong and dangerous. We were not allowed to swim and surf. We ended up just sitting on the seashore and had a conversation with foreign tourists there.

            The next day we went to Sukowati market. It was a traditional Market that sells Balinese items. In contrast to Jogger, Sukowati Market was cheaper. Nevertheless, we must be smart in dealing the price with the seller or we could lose like what I suffered. I bought Balinese batik of for 100 thousand rupiahs while my grandmother just bought only 40 thousand rupiahs in the same place. I was very ashamed while my grandmother could only laugh. Afterwards, we went back to hotel and then prepared for went back to Jakarta.

            It was time for us to go home. I was sad to leave Bali Island. I really enjoyed the beautiful nature there and the hospitality of its people. It seemed time went so fast there. I should continue our way home. I will not forget my valuable experience there and hope I can come back again soon.

Tenses

Present Tense

1.      (+) She always washes her face before going to bed

(-) She doesn’t always washes her face before going to bed

(?) Does she always wash her face before going to bed ?

2.      (+) I learn English every day

(-) I don’t learn English every day

(?) Do you learn English every day?

3.      (+) He goes to the field every day

(-) He doesn’t go to the field every day

(?) Does he go to the field every day?

4.      (+) We listen to the music every night

(-) We don’t listen to the radio every night

(?) Do you listen to the radio every night?

5.      (+) They watch television every morning

(-) They don’t watch television every morning

(?) Do they watch television every morning?

 Past Tense

1.      (+) I played badminton last Sunday

(-) I didn’t play badminton last Sunday

(?) Did you play badminton last Sunday ?

2.      (+) Toni ate an apple just now

(-) Toni didn’t eat an apple just now

(?) Did Toni eat an apple just now?

3.      (+) She was very diligent

(-) She wasn’t very diligent

(?) Was she very diligent?

4.      (+) He studied chemistry last week

(-) He didn’t study chemistry last week

(?) Did he study chemistry last week?

5.      (+) They bought some candy

(-) They didn’t buy some candy

(?) Did they buy some candy?

Future Tense

1.      (+) Tom will write a letter next week

(-) Tom won’t write a letter next week

(?) will Tom write a letter next week?

2.      (+) I’m going to Singapore next month

(-) I’m not going to Singapore next month

(?) Are you going to Singapore next month?

3.      (+) She will paint my bedroom tomorrow

(-) She won’t paint my bedroom tomorrow

(?) will she paint my bedroom tomorrow?

4.      (+) He will play foot ball next week

(-) He will not play foot ball next week

(?) Will he play foot ball next week?

5.      (+) They are going to swim next Saturday

(-) They aren’t going to swim next Saturday

(?) Are they going to swim next Saturday ?

My Daily Activities

Every day I usually wake up in the morning. I usually get up at 5:00 and immediately smoothed my bed. after that I turn off the alarm. Next I play some song from my phone while preparing the equipment that will be brought to campus. Next I swipe the floor and washing dishes. Around 6:45 I take a bath, then I brush my teeth and wash my face. After bathing I arrange my hair and shaving my face, then I wear my cloth. I seldom take a breakfast, so after that I go to campus. I go to campus by public transportation, I need times about 15 minutes to my campus In the campus I study some subject, I meet my friends and study together.

After my study at campus is over, I search food for eat then I go back to my rent house. sometimes I hang out with my friends after my study at campus is over. Every Tuesday and Friday I go to English course at 4:30 pm until 6:30. After that I go back to my rent house, I take a bath, have a dinner and then I do my assignment from my lecture.

At 9:30 pm I brush my teeth and wash my face, and then I use my night cream. After that I pray to God before I go to bed. Next at 10:30 pm I go to sleep. Next morning , I woke up at 5:00 and return back on the move, That's my daily activities.